Mines

Region

Commodity

230 mines beginning with C, of 1950.

Mine	Region	Worked	Commodities
Cabbish Mine Worked for lead in the 1850s and reopened in 1905 for the barytes those miners had thrown out as waste — by then the product, with the lead down to two tons a year.	Cumbria	Lead from 1859; barytes from 1905–1930	Barite, Lead
Cackle Mackle and Stadford Hollow Lead Mines An 1830s-1840s wrought-iron bucket recovered from Stadford Hollow is preserved today at the Peak District Mining Museum.	Derbyshire	Stadford Hollow from early 16th century; Cackle Mackle from mid-17th–Both worked until the mid-19th century	Lead
Cadder Colliery Twenty-two of the twenty-six men underground died in the fire of August 1913; a fireman who could have escaped went back to warn the men at the pumps and did not come out.	East Dunbartonshire	By 1869, possibly earlier–No. 15 discontinued 1920; the remaining pits into the 1920s	Coal, Ironstone
Cadeby Main Colliery Site of a 1912 double explosion that killed 91 men, more than half of them rescuers wiped out searching for the first blast's victims	South Yorkshire	1889–7 November 1986	Coal
Cadley Hill Colliery The last deep mine in South Derbyshire, closed in 1988 — after which its own site was opencast for another nine years.	Derbyshire	1861–March 1988	Coal
Cadzow Colliery Coal hundreds of feet beneath Hamilton Academy was deliberately left unworked and purchased outright from the colliery company to protect the school's own foundations from subsidence.	South Lanarkshire	Working by 1894 under the Cadzow Coal Co., Ltd.–Reopened under the Bent Colliery Co., Ltd from 1930; uncertain	Coal
Cae Coch Sulphur Mine A distinctive orange-stained sulphur mine, at one point supplying over half the UK's WWI pyrite output	Conwy	1607–1942	Pyrite
Cae Glas Colliery Three men, including the mine's own licensee, were asphyxiated by blackdamp on 24 September 1958 while checking water levels in disused old workings.	Merthyr Tydfil	1920 (idle 1924–55; reopened 1955–97)–6 December 1997	Coal
Caerau Colliery Held the record output for the whole South Wales coalfield in 1913, at the head of the Llynfi valley.	Bridgend	1889–1977	Coal
Caerbryn Colliery A Penygroes anthracite pit sunk in the 1850s, worked by a French company in the 1890s and swallowed by the Amalgamated Anthracite combine in 1926.	Carmarthenshire	c. 1850s–1930s	Anthracite
Calcutts Colliery The mines that made James Clifford rich and made trouble for everyone else: the principal colliery of Broseley by 1620, reached by the second railway for which any evidence survives in England.	Shropshire	c. 1588–c. 1900	Coal, Brick Clay
Caldon Low Quarry A canal was authorised to reach it and then abandoned as impossible — 700 feet of rise in four miles — so they built a railway instead, in 1777.	Staffordshire	Worked before 1776; rail-served from 1777–Still active	Limestone
Califat Coal Mine Named for a town under Russian siege, worked for less than twenty years, and dug up again by archaeologists for fifty.	Leicestershire	Leased 1852, sunk 1854–Early 1870s	Coal
Cambergi Quarry Its founding company raised £200,000 in public shares to build the quarry, then went bankrupt after only a few months of actual production.	Gwynedd	1875–c. 1900	Slate
Cambokeels Mine Cambokeels' incline was built during the First World War by German prisoners of war — a small, easily overlooked detail that ties a routine Pennine fluorspar mine directly into the story of the war being fought at the same time on the other side of Europe.	County Durham	1868 (lead, Beaumont Company); reopened 1905 for fluorspar–1989	Fluorspar, Lead
Cambria Mercantile Colliery A small Ystalyfera anthracite slant of 1905 that became Ynysgeinon around 1915; its stripped powerhouse and winding house still stand beside a footpath.	Neath Port Talbot	1905 (renamed Ynysgeinon c.1915)–1921	Coal
Cambrian Colliery Struck by two of the worst colliery explosions in South Wales history twenty years apart, and owned by the combine whose 1910 lockout at a neighbouring pit escalated into the Tonypandy Riots.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	1872 (No. 1 shaft)–24 September 1966	Coal
Camerton Colliery Where a coal-dust explosion killed two men in 1893 and helped prove that coal dust alone can carry an explosion through a pit — one of the first three cases in Britain, all of them in the Somerset field.	Somerset	1781–1950	Coal
Cann Quarry Slate from here paved Piccadilly and tiled Kensington, hauled out first by a purpose-built canal and then a tramway engineered with input from Brunel.	Devon	First recorded 1671; likely worked earlier–1915	Slate
Cannock and Leacroft Colliery A colliery that started life under one name and closed under a merged one now lies, fittingly, beneath a landfill -- one kind of buried material giving way to another.	Staffordshire	1874–1967	Coal
Cannock Chase No. 8 Colliery By the time it closed, No. 8 wasn't just one pit among the Cannock Chase Colliery Company's ten -- it was the last one left, having quietly absorbed its neighbour's workings a decade before its own turn came.	Staffordshire	1868–1962	Coal
Cannock Old Coppice Colliery A Cannock Chase Coalfield colliery, newly sunk in the 1870s.	Staffordshire	1865 (disputed; also given as 1894)–1946	Coal
Cannop Colliery Pumped 1,140 million gallons of water out of the ground in a single year — and the cost of doing that eventually closed the pit	Gloucestershire	Shafts sunk from 1906; deep coal reached 1909–1960	Coal
Canonbie Colliery The one substantial pit of a small, half-hidden coalfield on the Scottish border.	Dumfries and Galloway	1854–1922	Coal
Cape Cornwall Mine Most mine chimneys were left to fall or were demolished once the engine beneath them fell silent -- Cape Cornwall's survived because sailors needed it more than the mine ever had.	Cornwall	1838–1883	Tin
Caphouse Colliery Home to the National Coal Mining Museum for England; its shaft may be the oldest still in everyday use in Britain	West Yorkshire	1770s-1780s–1985	Coal
Caplecleugh Mine A dividend of £10,000 was reportedly obtained in a single year under its earliest recorded operator, and the mine's fortunes later turned entirely on zinc rather than lead: the London Lead Company left large amounts of zinc ore behind as uneconomic, only for the Belgian Vieille Montagne Zinc Company to return in 1896 and work the vein specifically for it.	Cumbria	1754–1914 (further stoping to 1918)	Lead, Zinc
Caprington Colliery The Cuninghames' estate colliery, whose Newcomen engine pumped for ninety-five years and now stands in the National Library of Scotland, and whose disguised 1781 engine house is a golf club's scheduled monument.	East Ayrshire	By 1781–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Caradon Hill Medieval and Post-Medieval Mines A medieval field system buried beneath the later mines is intact enough to show exactly how farming here adapted to the slope and altitude -- and how mining, when it arrived, expanded straight into that same working landscape.	Cornwall	Streamwork documented from 1515; lode mining from 1570–Wheal Jenkin, the last of the three mines, closed in 1890	Tin, Copper
Carberry Colliery An East Lothian pit that quintupled in size when a new shaft and a new company arrived at once.	East Lothian	Sunk from 1866–1960	Coal
Carclaze Pit A French scientist wrote up this pit for the Paris Academy of Sciences in 1764 — a century before anyone realised it was sitting on a fortune in china clay	Cornwall	Tin streaming from an unknown early date; china clay from 1851–Clay extraction ceased around 2002	China Clay, Tin
Cardowan Colliery Over 50 men are recorded as having died at Cardowan across its working life, yet the explosion that most directly hastened its closure — in January 1982 — killed no one at all, injuring 25 severely enough that the colliery was shut down until the cause could be established.	North Lanarkshire	Sinking from 1924; production from 1929–1983	Coal
Carlin How Mine Three thousand tons a week won entirely by hand, in the ironstone field that fed Teesside.	North Yorkshire	1873–1924	Ironstone
Carlton Main Colliery The pit was standing idle by 1910, but the company it named sank Frickley, bought Grimethorpe, and gave its name to a brass band that is still going.	South Yorkshire	By 1886, possibly earlier–Standing by 1910	Coal
Carmuir Colliery Carmuir Colliery at Larbert, worked 1896 to 1905; owners William Brown Carmuir Coal Co., Ltd..	Falkirk	1896 (sinking from 1894)–1905 (a further death recorded 1907)	Coal
Carmyllie Quarries To move its stone the quarry owner built the steepest railway in Scotland ever worked by a passenger train — five miles from sea level to 600 feet	Angus	Late 18th century–20th century (railway closed 1965)	Freestone
Carn Brea Mine One of the largest and most productive mines of the Camborne-Redruth district before its 1896 amalgamation folded its history into the combined Tincroft story.	Cornwall	1832–1913-14 (Carn Brea section); combined Tincroft mine continued to 1921	Copper, Tin, Arsenic, Tungsten
Carn Camborne Mine One of Camborne's oldest copper mines, the Bassets' Heart's Ease, later absorbed by Dolcoath; its castellated chimney was dynamited in 1972.	Cornwall	By 1727 (as Heart's Ease Mine)–1897 (absorbed by Dolcoath)	Copper, Tin
Carn Galver Mine For all its Victorian investment — seventy miners, a shaft sunk to 130 fathoms, two purpose-built engine houses — Carn Galver's total recorded output across its working life came to just 150 tons of black tin, a genuinely modest return for the scale of effort put into it.	Cornwall	Early 19th century–1875	Tin
Carnbroe Colliery Fed its own neighbouring ironworks, part of the cluster of pits and furnaces that gave 19th-century Coatbridge its nickname the 'Iron Burgh'.	North Lanarkshire	Worked from 1854 under Merry & Cuninghame.–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal, Iron
Carnlough Limestone Quarries A Durham coal dynasty built a whole harbour, railway and bridge through an Antrim village to send its limestone to the ironworks of the Clyde.	County Antrim	Before 1808; Londonderry scheme 1853-54–About 1922 (railways)	Limestone
Carnon Mine A Cornish tin mine worked from cast-iron cylinder shafts sunk into an artificial island in a tidal creek, closed after only six years despite turning a profit.	Cornwall	1824–1830	Tin, Gold
Carr House Colliery Its boreholes were spaced exactly as the law required and still ran parallel to the flooded headings they were meant to find.	South Yorkshire	By 1894–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Carrock Fell Mine The only mine outside Cornwall and Devon to have produced wolfram at scale	Cumbria	1854–1981	Tungsten, Copper, Arsenic, Lead
Carronhall Colliery The company barred its miners from the ironworks' friendly society in case it made them take days off, so the pit villages started their own.	Falkirk	Leased by Carron Company 1760; William Pit 1860s–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal, Fireclay
Carrs Mine The Nenthead visitor mine: London Lead Company horse levels of superb dry-stone arching, reworked for zinc by the Belgians, still opened underground on advertised days.	Cumbria	By 1679–Early 1940s	Lead, Zinc
Carshield Mine Lead until the deposit gave out, then Belgian zinc — and the biggest miners' lodging shop in the North Pennines.	Northumberland	Barney Craig Horse Level opened in the 1770s–Zinc working to 1913; still returned in 1914	Lead, Zinc
Carsington Pasture Lead Mines It escaped the Parliamentary Enclosure Acts that walled off most of the county, leaving its lead-mining hillocks and shafts spread across open, unenclosed pasture.	Derbyshire	Documented from 16th century; possibly medieval–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Lead
Carway Colliery Four outbursts in ninety-seven years, in a valley where the anthracite was famous for blowing without warning.	Carmarthenshire	1863–July 1960	Anthracite
Cash Well Mine A lead mine high on Cross Fell whose earliest workings were hushed out of the hillside, leaving a gully still visible on the Tees-Tyne watershed.	Cumbria	By the 18th century–c. 1921	Lead
Castell Carn Dochan Mine A small Welsh gold mine named for the ruined thirteenth-century castle on the crag above it, the most easterly mine of the Merioneth gold-mining district.	Gwynedd	1862-63–1904 or 1905	Gold, Silver
Castle-an-Dinas Wolfram Mine One of only two mines in Britain ever worked for tungsten and nothing else, dug straight through the middle of an Iron Age hillfort	Cornwall	1917–1957	Tungsten
Castlebridge Colliery The last productive pit of the Longannet complex, drowned by its own sealed workings in 2002	Clackmannanshire	Sinking from 1978; production from 1984–2002	Coal
Castlecaldwell Feldspar Mine The feldspar and kaolin dug here directly supplied the founding of Belleek Pottery, still Ireland's best-known ceramics maker.	County Fermanagh	Deposits identified 1853; mining developed through the 1850s-60s–1940s (last feldspar working)	Feldspar, China Clay
Castlenook Mine Eighteen men, a 16-foot waterwheel and four years' work for 55 tons of lead ore, then a last look at the high ground in 1917 that lasted less than a year.	Cumbria	1860–1918	Lead
Castletown Mine Assays of its copper ore also showed a trace of gold, at around 4 pennyweight per long ton.	Argyll and Bute	by 1862–c. 1912 (revival 1910-12)	Copper
Catherton Colliery One of the earliest deep mines on the Clee Hills, sunk through a basalt cap into a landscape where more than two thousand pits have been counted and the shafts get bigger and further apart the higher up the hill you go.	Shropshire	Late 18th century–c. 1889	Coal
Catpund Quarries A Norse soapstone factory frozen mid-job: the hillside still shows the hollows where bowls were carved out, and the ones that broke before they could be lifted.	Shetland Islands	c. 2000 BC–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Talc
Cavanacaw Gold Mine Northern Ireland's only working gold mine; operated by Galantas Gold on ground first explored by Rio Tinto in the 1980s	County Tyrone	from 1995 (planning permission); late 1990s (opencast working began)	Gold
Cawdor Colliery Worked on and off for over a century from a Red Vein outcrop on Mynydd y Betws, it was reported with 499 men in 1930 in the same year a trade paper said it had been shut for three years.	Carmarthenshire	By 1835; reopened 1871 and 1896–1941 (Red Vein abandoned)	Coal
Cawdor Quarry A Matlock limestone quarry whose stone went into Hyde Park Corner and the Thames Embankment, and whose floor is now a supermarket.	Derbyshire	1857–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Limestone
CB Mine CB Yard's powder house was deliberately built well away from the rest of the works — a small, hexagonal building whose isolation is itself the clearest surviving evidence of just how seriously Georgian mine operators took the risk of a gunpowder store going up.	North Yorkshire	Bathurst family acquired mineral rights 1654–1883 (CB Mining Company)	Lead
Cefn Coch Gold Mine The fourth-richest of the historic Dolgellau gold belt mines	Gwynedd	1843–1914	Gold
Cefn Coed Colliery Seven years to sink and three earlier failures — for the deepest anthracite mine in the world	Neath Port Talbot	Sinking begun 1921; completed 1928–20 April 1968	Coal
Cefn Parc Arlais Colliery A small Llynfi Valley coal level, in production under one name or another from 1952 to 1994, where an explosion caused by a rusted safety-lamp gauze killed three men in 1964.	Neath Port Talbot	1952–August 1994	Coal
Celynen Colliery A pit nicknamed 'the Blood-Tub' for its accidents was, by its final years, producing some of the best coking coal in South Wales for the steelworks at Llanwern — the same ground, generations apart, valued for entirely different reasons.	Caerphilly	1874–1985	Coal
Chaloner Ironstone Mine Bolckow Vaughan's drift mine on the Chaloner estate north of Guisborough, whose stone crossed the hill to Eston in 21-tub sets on three electric haulages until it was worked out in August 1939.	North Yorkshire	1853 (local timeline) or October 1869 (Lists of Mines)–12 August 1939	Ironstone
Chanters Colliery Its closure in 1966 ended deep coal mining in Atherton for good — nine years after a single twisted switch cover sparked an explosion that killed eight of its own men.	Greater Manchester	1854–1966	Coal
Chariot Mine It and its neighbour were named for Golconda, the Indian city of diamonds, when the ore came in rich.	Derbyshire	Worked in the 18th century–Disused by about 1880	Lead
Charlestown Limeworks An earl built a village, a harbour and fourteen kilns to burn his own limestone — and laid the streets out as a C and an E for his own name.	Fife	1756–1956	Limestone
Charterhouse Roman Mines One of Roman Britain's earliest and most strategically important mining sites, worked to pay Roman soldiers	Somerset	49 AD–1878	Lead, Silver
Chartershaugh Colliery An early Wear-side colliery fitted in 1753 with one of the first water-balance winding engines on the coalfield, and the site of a severe 1778 gas explosion that killed 24 men.	County Durham	By 1680–1932 (seams abandoned 27 Feb)	Coal
Chatterley Whitfield Colliery Scheduled monument; one of Britain's best-preserved deep coal mines	Staffordshire	1750–1976	Coal
Chellaston Alabaster Mines For a century, small carved figures made from this one Derbyshire village's stone were traded as far as Iceland and Croatia — until a single Act of Parliament in 1550 wiped out the market almost overnight.	Derbyshire	early 14th century–1978	Gypsum
Cherry Hinton Pit The Cambridge chalk pit whose clunch built parts of King's, Trinity, Peterhouse and Corpus Christi.	Cambridgeshire	By the 13th century, possibly Roman–Early 1980s	Chalk
Chewton Mineries Chewton and St Cuthbert's, worked by two entirely different lordly families under two separate customary 'liberties', sat close enough together on the same hillside that their operations repeatedly ended up fighting each other over water — neighbours by geology, rivals by law.	Somerset	1541 (first documented); probably earlier–1883	Lead
Chilmark Quarries A stone quarry became one of Britain's biggest wartime bomb stores — and the only such RAF depot to come through the war unscathed	Wiltshire	Worked from medieval times, reputedly from Roman times–Quarrying ceased c.2007; reopened 2019	Limestone
Chilton Colliery Five owners in seventy-five years, and a mine that stood where the primary school stands now.	County Durham	1872–1966	Coal
Chislehurst Caves Twenty-two miles of chalk and flint mine that spent the Blitz as an underground town of 15,000 people	Kent	at least the 13th century–1830s-40s	Chalk, Flint
Chislet Colliery Started by a German company in the weeks before war broke out with Germany, and finished off by the end of steam trains.	Kent	Sinking from May 1914; coal reached 1919–1969	Coal
Chisnall Hall Colliery When it shut in 1967 it was the last pit left in the Wigan area — and its washery worked on for another four months on coal carted over from Haydock.	Lancashire	By 1896–24 March 1967	Coal
Choppington 'A' Pit The pit that once employed hundreds and shipped coal to the Tyne is now marked by nothing more industrial than a single memorial coal tub standing quietly in a community woodland.	Northumberland	1857–1966	Coal
Choppington 'B' Pit In 1925 this pit briefly shrank to just eight men underground before a temporary closure -- only to be employing well over four hundred workers again within five years.	Northumberland	1898–1966	Coal
Chopwell Colliery A colliery bankrolled in its final Consett Iron Company decades by, among others, the man who ran Kodak's UK operations — who also happened to pay for the local Communist Club.	Tyne and Wear	Boring from 1781; Maria and Conclusion Pits sunk 1795-99–25 November 1966	Coal
Church Burn Mine A small, unsuccessful Tyne Valley lead mine that escaped published description until 2020, and yielded the first reliable Pennine record of the mineral plumbojarosite.	Northumberland	By 1854, possibly earlier–After 1884	Lead
Cilely Colliery A Rhondda pit bought by the Great Western Railway two years after it opened, whose steam coal had to be reached by driving a drift through a sixty-yard fault.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	1872–1950	Coal
Cilgerran Quarries The castle standing over these quarries is built of the stone that came out of them.	Pembrokeshire	Worked by the 19th century; the stone used since the medieval period–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Slate
Cilgwyn Quarry Reputed to be the oldest slate quarry in Wales, worked since the twelfth century for its distinctive bright red and purple slates.	Gwynedd	worked from the 12th century–1956	Slate
Cinder Pit, Blaina Sunk in 1873 as the elliptical-shafted Tir Sais pit, it produced over 158,000 tons of coal in 1892 before closing the next year — its derelict headgear collapsing on the carpenters sent to dismantle it in 1907.	Blaenau Gwent	1873–31 March 1893 (headgear dismantled 1907)	Coal
Cinder Pits Fifteen drowned in 1838 when the river came over the embankment protecting the level mouth — Blaenavon's worst industrial accident, and not at Big Pit.	Torfaen	By 1838–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Clandown Colliery Its shaft, deepened to 1,437 feet to get past a geological fault that nearly defeated its original sinking, was for a time the deepest ever driven in Somerset.	Somerset	1810–1929	Coal
Clashach Quarry Desert dunes turned to stone, cut on the Moray coast and shipped to the Museum of Scotland, a New York memorial and the Sagrada Familia	Moray	from Early 1800s	Freestone
Claxby Ironstone Mine The first ironstone mine in the Lincolnshire Wolds, and one the local rector called "a gloomy cavern of disaster" for the men it killed and maimed.	Lincolnshire	1868–1885	Ironstone
Clay Cross Colliery The colliery George Stephenson opened because his railway tunnel ran into coal, and which built the town on top of it.	Derbyshire	1840–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal, Ironstone
Clearwell Caves Worked continuously by Forest of Dean 'Free Miners' under an ancient birthright dating back centuries; still Britain's only working ochre mine	Gloucestershire	from Bronze Age	Iron, Ochre
Cleasby Mines The last lead venture in Arkengarthdale, working two swallow holes until 1914	North Yorkshire	1907; company formed 1908–1914	Lead
Cleworth Hall Colliery The Tyldesley Coal Company’s biggest and longest-lived pit, sunk under a hall estate in 1874 and modernised with steel headgear and a washery before the war.	Greater Manchester	1874–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Cliff Mine Bell Brothers' first Cleveland ironstone mine, and the first of their four to be worked out.	North Yorkshire	1860–1887 (abandoned)	Ironstone
Cliff Rigg Quarry Whinstone from a 58-million-year-old dyke, cut into setts for the streets of Leeds.	North Yorkshire	Quarrying established by the late 17th century–About 1918; further extraction in the 1970s	Whinstone
Cliffe Hill Quarry By 1890 Charnwood 'granite' from quarries like Cliffe Hill was the main source of aggregate for Britain, producing over a million tonnes a year by 1900.	Leicestershire	from 1868	Granite
Clifton Colliery, Great Clifton Great Clifton's William and Lowther pits, coking-coal colliery of the Allerdale Company with over a thousand men in the 1930s, where an uninspected district and a stopped fan killed three in 1914.	Cumbria	By 1635 (colliery returned from 1860)–20 February 1959	Coal, Fireclay
Clifton Hall Colliery The 1885 explosion killed 177 or 178 men and boys, and the official report cannot settle which; the memorial says 178.	Greater Manchester	By 1820, possibly earlier–1929	Coal
Cligga Head Dramatic cliff-edge WWII-era adits	Cornwall	pre-1825–1945	Tin, Copper, Arsenic, Tungsten, Silver
Clipsham Quarry The stone that rescued the Houses of Parliament when the original Anston limestone rotted in London’s acid fogs — and the hardest of all the Lincolnshire limestones.	Rutland	Recorded use from 1363–Still active	Limestone
Clipstone Colliery Its 1953 headstocks were the tallest in Europe when built and still stand as a listed landmark today	Nottinghamshire	1922–2003	Coal
Clive Mine Shropshire's most extensive copper workings, kept profitable in the 1860s by a patented acid-leaching process for ore too poor to smelt conventionally.	Shropshire	17th-century open cuts; deep working from the early 18th century–1869	Copper, Barite, Cobalt, Manganese
Clock Face Colliery Beaten by water at 500 feet and abandoned in 1900; reopened in 1904 by pumping 700,000 gallons a day, half of it sold to St Helens as drinking water.	Merseyside	1904 (sinking begun 1896)–1966	Coal
Cloddfacoed Quarry Even at its most active, output stayed tiny by valley standards -- in 1873, for example, just four men produced a mere eight tons of slate between them.	Gwynedd	late 18th century–1940s (acquired, unworked)	Slate
Clogau Gold Mine The source of the gold nugget in every British royal wedding ring since 1923	Gwynedd	1854–1998	Gold, Copper
Closehouse Mine Ancient hushes reworked for the gangue: the London Lead Company took the lead and left the barytes, and a later firm came back for what they had thrown away.	County Durham	Ancient hushes; barytes from 1937–Late 1990s	Barite, Lead
Clydach Colliery, Brynmawr Sited right on the Breconshire county boundary; passed through half a dozen owners before the Waen Nantyglo Colliery Company took it over in 1911.	Blaenau Gwent	By 1878, possibly earlier–21 June 1947	Coal
Clyde Colliery, Hamilton Wilsons and Clyde's Burnbank pit at Hamilton, 760 strong in 1894 and gone by 1930, where a 1905 fire filled the workings with fumes and a brick wall crushed two boiler firemen in 1924.	South Lanarkshire	1890–1930	Coal, Ironstone
Coalbrook Vale Colliery The pits of Nantyglo's Coalbrook Vale ironworks, named after Coalbrookdale, which kept working for half a century after the furnaces went out.	Blaenau Gwent	1820s (ironworks pits); Deep Pit after 1840–November 1924, or about 1938	Coal
Coalbrookdale Colliery Fed the world's first successfully sustained coke-fired blast furnace, and its own Old Coal Pit was the site of an 1856 explosion that killed eleven men and boys, two of them rescuers.	Shropshire	16th century; 1709 (company formed)–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal, Iron
Coalcleugh Coalcleugh was worked out for lead by 1878, mothballed for over twenty years, and then reopened not for lead at all but for zinc — the same ground yielding a second, entirely different commodity to a different company once the first one had given up on it.	Northumberland	17th century–1878 (Beaumont); reworked to 1921	Lead, Zinc, Fluorspar
Coalisland Collieries Both halves of the town's name come from the industry — coal from the pits, island from the canal basin dug to carry it out	County Tyrone	First reported 1654–Largely ended by 1920; final workings to the 1960s	Coal, Fireclay
Coalpit Heath Colliery The last working deep mine in the whole Bristol coalfield wasn't beaten by exhausted coal — it drowned, thirteen years after a neighbouring pit's pumps fell silent.	South Gloucestershire	Sunk in the early 1850s–1949	Coal
Coalpithole Rake Its 1870 winding engine was second-hand, bought for £188 from Brightside Mine over at Hassop, where it had originally been installed.	Derbyshire	Documented from 1705–Closed 1880 (Peak Forest Mining Company)	Lead
Cobalt Mine In March 2021, a shaft simply appeared in a nearby field; excavating it revealed a whole further set of workings nearly doubling the mine's known length, connected all along to the section already known.	Cheshire	Believed early 19th century, from about 1804–Cobalt working had ended by the 1850s	Cobalt, Copper
Cobscar Mill Cobscar's most distinctive surviving feature isn't the mill itself but its chimney — deliberately built well away from the smeltmill and connected by a long flue, a design meant to carry the poisonous lead fumes safely clear of the works below.	North Yorkshire	built 1762–c. 1830 (main working); refurbished 1848	Lead, Zinc
Cocken Colliery A Lambton pit above the Wear at Finchale, worked out and disused within a century, but kept on long enough to take over what was left of the Rainton royalty.	County Durham	By 1842–By the 1890s	Coal
Cocking Quarry A South Downs chalk quarry whose lime went into Midhurst White bricks, worked by men roped down the cliff face until explosives arrived in the 1940s.	West Sussex	By 1715–1999	Chalk
Cocklakes Mine A Carlisle solicitor's alabaster business that grew into the first place in Britain to make plasterboard.	Cumbria	Quarry opened in the early 1860s–Still returning 57 men underground in 1930	Gypsum, Anhydrite
Coed Cae Tillery Colliery Its name preserves that of the Tillery seam, itself named for the Tilestone rock that roofed it across the district; a collier here, Harry Boulton, died under a roof fall in 1886.	Blaenau Gwent	1850s–July 1888 (reopened 1891, wound up 1895)	Coal
Coedely Colliery Joined to Cwm underground in 1957, the pair became the largest colliery in the South Wales coalfield.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	1901–28 November 1986	Coal
Coedmadoc Quarry Acquired one of Croesor quarry's two De Winton vertical-boilered steam locomotives secondhand in the 1870s -- a small but genuine sign of the close trading links between Wales's smaller, independently-run slate quarries.	Gwynedd	by 1870s–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Slate
Coegnant Colliery A Llynfi valley steam-coal pit that outlasted almost all its neighbours, closing in 1981 when its last coalface failed.	Bridgend	1882–1981	Coal, Ironstone
Coetmor Quarry A Bethesda slate quarry swallowed by its neighbour in the 1860s, now mostly a place name.	Gwynedd	Before 1850–1860s (absorbed by Pantdreiniog)	Slate
Coldberry Mine A small lead mine at the end of the largest hush-like gorge in the North Pennines, which geologists now think the miners only borrowed from the ice age.	County Durham	By the mid-18th century–1953–1956 (sources differ)	Lead
Coldstones Quarry One of the highest working quarries in Britain, its rock face framed by a public sculpture walkway, and the only UK locality for the minerals prosopite, doyleite and otavite.	North Yorkshire	from around 1800	Limestone, Lead
Collins Green Colliery A St Helens pit that closed in 1931 and whose shafts still supply the town's drinking water	Merseyside	Shafts from an early date; sinking from 1873–1931	Coal
Collyweston Slate Mines Not slate at all but a limestone, mined underground and then left out for three winters so the frost could split it — a technique that died in the 1960s and was rebuilt artificially to reroof a palace.	Northamptonshire	Medieval; last traditional working to the 1960s–1960s; a mine reopened 2015	Limestone
Coly Colliery Eight levels worked by the Dowlais Iron Company from the 1860s onward; a local jazz band took the name "Colly Band" after them in the 1930s.	Merthyr Tydfil	1865–96 (eight levels, opened in stages)–By 1925	Coal
Combe Down Stone Mines Ten years and 400,000 cubic metres of concrete were needed just to stop a Georgian stone mine collapsing under the village built on top of it.	Somerset	1720s–mid-19th century	Limestone
Combe Martin Silver Mines Silver from here reputedly helped fund Edward III's wars with France	Devon	1292–1880	Silver, Lead
Combermere Colliery The coal itself only lasted 26 years — but the clay dug alongside it kept a brickworks on the same site running for the better part of a century.	Greater Manchester	1867–1893	Coal
Combs Colliery Forty-six of the 139 killed were under sixteen, and seven of those were twelve years old.	West Yorkshire	No reliable opening date has yet been located.–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Commondale Quarry A printer's fortune, a seam of fireclay and a new railway, and for four years in the 1880s an art pottery on the moors.	North Yorkshire	1860–1947	Brick Clay, Fireclay, Ganister
Comrie Colliery A modern Fife colliery that introduced Scotland's first skip-winding system, praised by Herbert Morrison in 1946 as 'the cat's pyjamas'.	Fife	sunk 1935-40, commercial production from 1940–October 1986	Coal
Conglog Quarry Worked in its final years by an informal partnership of just six Tanygrisiau quarrymen -- a far cry from the £40,000-capital limited company that had run it a generation earlier.	Gwynedd	1854–1910	Slate
Coniston Copper Mines Extensive Lake District workings with a popular history trail	Cumbria	1590s–early 20th century (residual activity to 1956)	Copper
Conlig and Whitespots Lead Mines Once produced a third of Ireland's lead output; closed after a Marquis bought out the leases to protect his nearby home	County Down	1780–1910	Lead
Cononish Mine Scotland's only currently operating gold mine	Stirling	1988–Production suspended September 2023; on care and maintenance	Gold, Silver
Cononley Mine A lead mine in the North Yorkshire village of Cononley, worked from medieval times, developed as a single large mine from 1842.	North Yorkshire	1842 (worked in small scale from 1532)–1881 (baryte recovery to 1958)	Lead, Barite
Consolidated Mines The largest single copper producer in the world at its peak, in the district once called 'the richest square mile in the Old World'	Cornwall	1782–1870	Copper, Tin, Arsenic, Zinc, Pyrite
Conygre Colliery Two pits sunk fifty-six years apart, joined underground and merged in 1896; the village's Miners Memorial Garden was built in 1995 for the centenary of the explosion between them.	Somerset	1791 (Upper); 1847 (Lower)–1916 (abandoned after flooding; the official returns say 1918)	Coal
Cook's Kitchen Mine A photograph taken around 1893 shows miners actually riding Cook's Kitchen's man engine in operation — a rare surviving image of a piece of equipment that, elsewhere, usually survives only as a ruined engine house with nothing to show what it once looked like in use.	Cornwall	worked for copper by early 18th century; tin from mid-19th century–1913	Copper, Tin, Arsenic
Coombefield Quarry A 135-million-year-old fossilised dinosaur footprint, uncovered by quarrying at Coombefield in 2002, was significant enough to make national news twice over — once for its discovery, and again in 2009 when it was stolen from the site.	Dorset	1890s–working life ended by 2006	Freestone
Copper Hill Mine One of the last mines absorbed into the expanded United Mines group, in a district once called 'the richest square mile on earth' for its copper output.	Cornwall	after 1780–c. 1870	Copper
Corby Ironstone Quarries Its dragline stood five feet taller than Nelson's Column and was, briefly, the largest walking excavator on Earth	Northamptonshire	Worked on an industrial scale from 1881–Ironstone working ended in the 1970s-80s	Iron
Corncockle Quarry The fossil trackways found in its beds were the first ever described scientifically, and the study of them gave ichnology its name.	Dumfries and Galloway	Early 19th century–Still active	Sandstone
Cornel Wain Colliery One of many levels worked for both coal and ironstone to feed the Cyfarthfa Iron Works.	Merthyr Tydfil	No reliable opening date has yet been located.–March 1924	Coal, Iron
Cornelly Quarries Half its output never becomes aggregate — it is ground into flux, because the stone is over 97 per cent pure	Bridgend	from Industrial-scale working from the Industrial Revolution	Limestone
Cornish Hush Mine Its 22-inch gauge locomotive 'Samson' had a footplate so small the driver rode on the rear buffer beam — a sister to the Great Laxey engines Ant and Bee.	County Durham	By 1863–1980	Lead, Fluorspar
Cornsay Colliery Four drifts into a Durham hillside raising 750 tons a day, half of it coked on site in 270 ovens — and by the end it was the fireclay under the coal, not the coal, that kept the place open.	County Durham	1868–September 1953	Coal, Fireclay
Corranterr Lead Mine The most westerly of the Strontian lead mines, reached along an old coffin route from Polloch or Strontian, later fitted with a large iron water wheel -- installed in the 1860s to pulverise ore -- whose remains still stand in a purpose-built wheelhouse today.	Highland	1725–by late 18th century	Lead
Cortonwood Colliery The pit where the 1984-85 strike started — now a retail park with a memorial in the car park's shadow.	South Yorkshire	1873–25 October 1985	Coal
Coslet Colliery A Dowlais Iron Company level that fed the works' furnaces until the whole group of feeder levels was given up in May 1924.	Merthyr Tydfil	No reliable opening date has yet been located.–May 1924	Coal
Cossall Colliery A Kilburn-seam pit east of Ilkeston whose burning spoil heap outlasted it, under the village Lawrence called Cossethay.	Nottinghamshire	1870–November 1966	Coal
Cotgrave Colliery Five hundred families were moved from the North East to work it, and special meetings were held so the two halves of the workforce could understand each other’s dialect.	Nottinghamshire	1960s–1993	Coal
Cothercott Mine A barytes mine that fell out with the County Council over its road locomotives, began a railway of its own to Dorrington and stopped a mile out.	Shropshire	1910–1928	Barite
Cottesmore Ironstone Quarry German prisoners of war worked a second quarry face here during the First World War to meet wartime demand for iron ore -- and quarrying eventually surrounded the village on three sides, lowering the surrounding fields by ten to twenty feet.	Rutland	1882–1964	Iron
Cove Quarries, Coniston Small silver-grey slate quarries above The Cove on the Old Man of Coniston, worked from about 1855 and returned as closed in September 1934.	Cumbria	By c. 1855 (local account); returned from 1900–Sep 1934 (List of Mines); worked into mid-20th c. by local account	Slate
Cove Vein Mine One of around seventy lead-zinc veins that together made the Lowther Hills, worked since at least the 13th century, a mineralogical treasure-house once nicknamed 'God's Treasure House' -- Cove Vein's own drusy, cavernous ground has yielded rare minerals including vanadinite, caledonite and linarite.	Dumfries and Galloway	The vein's north end was opened in 1755 by a Mr Williamson.–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Lead
Coventry Colliery Produced over a million tons of coal a year at its peak, built two entire villages for its workforce, then closed, reopened privately, and closed again within five years.	Warwickshire	Sunk from 1911; first coal 1919–1991 (reopened privately), finally 1996	Coal
Cow Green Mine Barytes veins in the high Teesdale fells, part of them drowned when the reservoir filled in the 1970s.	County Durham	Veins worked from the late 18th century–1954	Barite, Lead
Cowden Furnace A Wealden charcoal-fired iron furnace that cast ordnance for the Board of Ordnance through the mid-eighteenth century, its ruins straddling the Kent-Sussex border.	Kent	furnace recorded by 1574; revived 1741–probably ceased c. 1771	Iron
Coxlodge Colliery Named pits for a king's jubilee and a Prince Regent, and a jury that asked, in 1863, for candles to be banned below ground.	Tyne and Wear	Before 1821–16 June 1894	Coal
Crackpot Moor Mine Its mining company used Crackpot Hall -- a farmhouse built in the early 1700s on the site of an earlier royal-forest hunting lodge -- as its office until the late 1800s; subsidence from the mine's own workings later made the building uninhabitable, and it survives today as a well-known Swaledale ruin.	North Yorkshire	Worked from the early 18th century–Worked until the late 19th century.	Lead
Cragg End Flag Stone Mine A flagstone mine in a dale famous for its lead, known from a single line in a statutory return.	North Yorkshire	Listed in 1888–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Flagstone
Cragg's Hall Mine The biggest of the parish's mines in 1890 and the only one of them that was not Bell Brothers'.	North Yorkshire	By 1874, possibly earlier–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Ironstone
Craghead Colliery A hundred and thirty years from the William Pit of 1839 to closure in 1969, and six shafts along the way.	County Durham	1839–11 April 1969	Coal, Fireclay
Craig-y-Mwyn Mine Craig-y-Mwyn's £20,000-a-year Georgian heyday sits alongside evidence that people may have been working the same hillside for lead since Roman times — a span of well over a thousand years of intermittent extraction from one mountainside.	Powys	1692–19th century (exact final date unrecorded)	Lead
Craigend Colliery, Maddiston Carron Company's Maddiston pit, redeveloped from 1906 into one of Stirlingshire's largest and closed in 1935; its bing became bricks and its welfare scheme gave the village a golf course.	Falkirk	1854–November 1935	Coal, Ironstone
Craignair Quarry The Dalbeattie granite quarry opened for Liverpool's docks, whose stone went to the Eddystone lighthouse	Dumfries and Galloway	1826 (large-scale); recorded working from 1821–Still active	Granite
Creggan Silver-Lead Mines Ore from this South Armagh-Monaghan mining district was carted to Dundalk and shipped across the Irish Sea to Liverpool and the River Dee for processing.	County Armagh	1852–1869–70 (reworked 1910–11)	Lead, Silver
Crenver & Wheal Abraham Worked in two main periods (1815-1832 and 1845-1870) in Crowan parish east of Leedstown, producing about 112,500 tons of copper ore and 960 tons of black tin.	Cornwall	1815 (worked 1815–1832, then reopened 1845–1870)–1870	Copper, Tin
Creswell Colliery One of the worst British coal-mining disasters of the post-war era began with a single piece of wedged ironstone tearing a conveyor belt — the resulting fire's fumes killed 80 men who could not escape by the mine's only usable return airway.	Derbyshire	Shaft sinking from September 1894; coal reached 1897–20 September 1991	Coal
Cribbwr Fawr Colliery Its workings ran north until they hit the Newlands Thrust and stopped; the fault, not the market, drew the boundary.	Bridgend	Working by 1884; the Rock Fawr seam from about 1885–About 1935	Coal
Crich Limestone Quarries George Stephenson built it a metre-gauge mineral railway with two tunnels and two self-acting inclines — and the quarry floor is now the National Tramway Museum.	Derbyshire	Early 19th century (Cliff Quarry)–1957 (Cliff Quarry)	Limestone
Crigglestone Colliery A Wakefield coking-coal pit owned before nationalisation by a company named for the chemicals its coal yielded, and now a park with its winding wheel standing in it.	West Yorkshire	Sinking began 1889–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Croesor Quarry Croesor and its neighbour Parc quietly made British industrial history in the 1890s: the electric locomotives Kellow introduced there were the first ever used underground in a British slate quarry, years before electric haulage became common practice anywhere else in the industry.	Gwynedd	1846 (small-scale); companies formed by 1861–1930	Slate
Croft Granite Quarry Local tradition holds the site was worked as a Roman granite quarry in the 1st century AD for road and bridge foundations, though this claim lacks scholarly corroboration and should be treated as tradition, not established fact.	Leicestershire	from 1868	Granite
Crofthead Colliery Fauldhouse's Crofthead pits, from the 1840s Slatyband ironstone to the North Pole pit on the moor, closed in 1923 and still legible as heathery bings.	West Lothian	1840s–1923	Coal, Ironstone
Cronton Colliery A Merseyside colliery sunk to supply Cunard's Mersey shipping lines, remembered for pioneering retreat mining and a fatal 1917 explosion.	Merseyside	Sinking began 1913; coal-winding from 1915–2 March 1984	Coal
Crook Burn Mine A Newcastle company's Alston Moor lead venture, in the returns of 1888 and gone from them by 1902.	Cumbria	In the returns by 1888–Gone from the returns by 1902	Lead
Cross Geo Talc Quarry A single Shetland cove whose soapstone was carved into Viking bowls and loom-weights a thousand years ago is, remarkably, still being quarried for the same mineral today.	Shetland Islands	Steatite (soapstone) quarried here from the Norse period–Still worked intermittently as of recent decades	Talc
Cross Hands Colliery Seven seams of anthracite, and — unlike neighbouring Great Mountain — no trouble at all with outbursts of gas and dust.	Carmarthenshire	1869–1962	Anthracite
Cross Knave Colliery Its owner was committed for manslaughter in 1873 after a fifteen-year-old fell back down the shaft: there were no guides, no signal times, and anyone passing who heard a knock on the pit cart would wind the men up.	Gloucestershire	By 1835–After 1910	Coal
Cross Vein Mine Popularly known as 'Snuff the Wind' -- also recorded as Cronk Vane, Manx Gaelic for 'White Cross' -- its deeper shaft produced ore that was, at times, almost solid galena.	Isle of Man	One of the oldest workings in the Foxdale area, dated prior to 1810–Stripped in 1843	Lead
Crossfield Mine A group of five numbered haematite pits between Cleator Moor and Moor Row, worked through the West Cumberland iron boom and still under its own company in 1888.	Cumbria	By 1864–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Iron
Crossgill Mine Struck by two separate multiple-fatality accidents 47 years apart -- a collapsing shaft-mouth scaffold in 1864 and a fall of ore and stone in 1911 -- in a West Cumberland hematite field where roof falls and holings into old flooded workings were, in a local historian's words, simply 'part of the miner's way of life'.	Cumbria	Working by 1864 under Mr Smith of Whitehaven–1925 or 1926	Iron
Crowgarth Mine Its workforce, drawn heavily from Irish counties such as Wicklow, Donegal, Galway and Mayo, helped earn Cleator Moor its 19th-century nickname of 'Little Ireland'.	Cumbria	Working by 1784–The last iron mine to close in the Cleator Moor district, in 1958.	Iron
Crynant Colliery A small Dulais valley level opened in 1880 and closed by the Coal Board in 1956, with the National Union of Mineworkers declining to oppose it.	Neath Port Talbot	1880–3 March 1956	Coal, Anthracite
Crûg Farm Quarry A half-hectare quarry north of Llandeilo holding the only conodont-rich horizon of its age in Britain — and fossils matched against rocks in Central America.	Carmarthenshire	No reliable opening date has yet been located.–Disused by 1980, when the site was notified	Limestone
Cumberland Mine A show cavern at Matlock Bath that, per a Mine Explorer Society account, forms one end of the same complex ore deposit as the neighbouring Wapping Mine.	Derbyshire	Show cave opened 1780–Show cave closed late 1960s/early 1970s	Lead
Curraghinalt Gold Mine One of the highest-grade undeveloped gold deposits in the world lies under a designated area of outstanding natural beauty, and the fight over mining it has run for seventeen years.	County Tyrone	Discovered 1983; exploration adit 1987-89–Not in production; mine application under inquiry (2026)	Gold
Cusvey Mine One of Cornwall's oldest surviving engine houses, on a Gwennap copper mine that became part of John Taylor's Consolidated Mines.	Cornwall	1734 (tin dues)–1870	Tin, Copper
Cwm Colliery Its two shafts were named for the ladies who watched the first turf cut, and its coke works outlived the pit by sixteen years.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	1909–28 November 1986	Coal
Cwm Cynon Colliery Its winding tower was photographed by Bernd and Hilla Becher, whose typologies of industrial structures are in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	Sinking began 1889–1949	Coal
Cwm Ebol Quarry Its old mill reservoir, dammed for a Pelton wheel, nearly failed catastrophically well over a century after the quarry itself closed, forcing the evacuation of the village of Pennal in 2012 (see Disasters, below).	Gwynedd	Worked from around 1860 by the Cwmebol Slab and Slate Co. Ltd.–Closed in 1906; machinery advertised for sale the following year.	Slate
Cwm Eigiau Quarry Sits at the head of the same valley where a hydroelectric dam, built decades after the quarry itself and served for a time by the same tramway, collapsed in 1925 and killed 16 people in the village of Dolgarrog below.	Gwynedd	Before 1840–1885	Slate
Cwm Elan Mine Cwm Elan's origin story is a small irony of mining history: the lead vein that eventually supported a £30,000 Victorian mining company was found not by a prospector but by a farm labourer digging an ordinary drainage ditch.	Powys	1796 (vein discovered); main working from 1871–September 1877	Lead, Zinc
Cwm Rheidol Mine Four interconnected mines whose acidic adit drainage is still a live water-quality issue today	Ceredigion	1698–1917	Lead, Zinc, Silver
Cwmaman Colliery Everyone called it Shepherd's Pit after the man who sank it, and the pub on the corner still carries his name.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	Sunk 1849; coal found December 1849–1935	Coal, Ironstone
Cwmavon Copper Works A major Swansea-district copper smelting works whose 1848 financial collapse was serious enough that the Bank of England itself took over the mortgage on the works — a striking direct intervention by the central bank into a single industrial concern.	Neath Port Talbot	Foundation stone laid 1835; first copper produced 1838–Copper production ended 1906	Copper, Coal
Cwmbran Colliery Two thousand and eighty yards of driving through barren rock before the adit reached a seam, and it was still worth it.	Torfaen	A colliery shown here in 1811; levels driven late 1830s–1927	Coal, Fireclay
Cwmcarn Colliery It began as somebody else’s ventilation shaft, outlived the colliery it was sunk to serve, and is now driven over by a forest road.	Caerphilly	1877–November 1968	Coal
Cwmceiros Colliery A short-life Swansea Valley level, owned by the Cwmceiros Collieries Limited by 1921 and the Duffryn Tawe Collieries Limited by 1927.	Neath Port Talbot	By 1921–By 1935	Coal
Cwmclydach Graigola Colliery Owned by S. & J. Hill Limited (controlled by William Hill of Swansea), producing manufacturing coal with up to 97 men.	Neath Port Talbot	1860–1932	Coal
Cwmgorse Colliery Twelve men underground in 1896, and the last pit standing in Gwaun-cae-Gurwen seventy years later.	Neath Port Talbot	Returned from 1894–1964 or 1965	Anthracite
Cwmgwili Colliery In 1966 this NCB drift made more profit per ton than any other colliery in the country, and it outlived its official closure by fourteen years.	Carmarthenshire	1960 (drifts driven about 1960-62)–Officially early 1980s; finally 21 November 1996	Coal
Cwmgwineu Colliery Its No.1 Pit was sunk to 604 feet; grew from a handful of men to 500 by its 1927 closure.	Neath Port Talbot	1896–99 (No.1 Pit); redeveloped from 1922–December 1927	Coal
Cwmgwrach Colliery A Vale of Neath ground worked since the early 1800s, where an 1820 explosion killed five including two girls aged six and twelve, and where the modern colliery began by reopening the old levels.	Neath Port Talbot	Early 1800s; Empire colliery 1898–c. 1960	Coal, Anthracite
Cwmllynfell Colliery By January 1956 its output per manshift had fallen to 5.8 hundredweight, the worst in the United Kingdom, and when the NCB closed it the miners asked to run it themselves as a co-operative.	Neath Port Talbot	1820; reopened April 1908–2 February 1959	Coal
Cwmnantllwyd Colliery Opened c.1865 by the Primrose Coal Company, ventilated by a Schiele-type fan from 1881, growing to 61 men by 1907.	Neath Port Talbot	c.1865–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Coal
Cwmneol Colliery The first pit at Cwmaman, where a runaway cage killed eight in 1855 and a broken rope killed three in 1930.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	1848–31 January 1948	Coal
Cwmorthin Slate Mine A vast abandoned slate mine near Blaenau Ffestiniog once nicknamed 'The Slaughterhouse' for its danger	Gwynedd	1810–1997	Slate
Cwmsymlog Mine Once called 'the richest in lead and silver of any in His Majesty's Dominions'; among Wales's most important lead mines	Ceredigion	1585 (organised working); prehistoric/Roman workings suspected earlier–1901	Lead, Silver
Cwmteg Colliery Its landlord refused to cut the penny-a-ton railway wayleave while water from an older mine next door flooded in, and within a decade of reaching 280 men the company was in liquidation.	Neath Port Talbot	1899–July 1916; later small mines to 1963	Coal
Cwmtillery Colliery Sunk on a hill farm in the 1840s in search of the Elled seam, and worked for 140 years through four explosions in twenty.	Blaenau Gwent	1840s–1982	Coal
Cwmystwyth Mines Continuously worked longer than almost any UK metal mine	Ceredigion	Bronze Age–1950	Lead, Copper, Silver, Zinc
Cwrt Herbert Colliery The Neath Abbey colliery that gave its name to the village of Cwrt Herbert, where five men died when gas reached a gob fire in 1906.	Neath Port Talbot	By 1845; No. 1 shaft sunk 1870–January 1929	Coal
Cwt-y-Bugail Quarry Blaenau Ffestiniog slate quarry, trial-worked from 1840 and in continuous production 1863-1961.	Gwynedd	trial-worked c. 1840; continuous production from 1863–1961 (sporadic extraction to 1972)	Slate
Cyfarthfa Ironworks Under the Crawshay dynasty briefly the largest ironworks in the world, supplying cannon for Nelson's navy before a long decline and final closure in 1919.	Merthyr Tydfil	1765 (first furnace begun August 1766)–Closed 1874 for steel conversion	Iron, Coal
Cymerau Quarry Its five original underground chambers lay below the water table and had to be pumped continuously by waterwheel -- yet the quarry outlasted its more prominent neighbour Ratgoed by not one day, both closing in the same month of 1946.	Gwynedd	Commenced around 1860–Closed for good in October 1946, alongside Ratgoed.	Slate
Cymmer Colliery The 1856 explosion here killed 114 and is why two-shaft mines became compulsory and boys under twelve could no longer be sent underground.	Rhondda Cynon Taf	1847–1939	Coal
Cynheidre Colliery Its own seams were so prone to violent gas-and-coal outbursts that 66 were recorded before the disaster that finally forced a change in the law	Carmarthenshire	Shafts sunk 1954-56; production from 1960–1989	Coal
Cynon Colliery A substantial Afan Valley pit with its own purpose-built garden village, Cynonville, whose two completed streets still stand — the scheme was cut short by the outbreak of the First World War.	Neath Port Talbot	By 1894–1947	Coal
Cynwyd Forest Quarry Eighteen hundredths of a hectare beside a forest track, and one of the best Ashgill faunas in north Wales.	Denbighshire	No reliable opening date has yet been located.–Disused by 1983, when the site was notified	Slate, Mudstone