Mines with Iron Replacement Deposits

15 linked mines · Geology: Iron Replacement Deposits

Listed only where MineArchive's own research gives a reasonable evidential basis for the connection — not every mine where this geology might plausibly apply.

Mine	Region	Worked	Commodities	Connection
Beckermet Mine	Cumbria	opened 1903 (iron working in the district since the 12th century)–3 October 1980 (combined with Florence Mine from 1969)	Iron	(well documented example) The mine's own recorded geology explicitly describes haematite orebodies formed by iron-rich fluids replacing pockets and fissures in Carboniferous limestone.
Clearwell Caves	Gloucestershire	from Bronze Age	Iron, Ochre	(well documented example) Clearwell's own workings are recorded as an unusually pure haematite ore (reported over 80% iron) occurring in pockets within the ore body and the surrounding Carboniferous ('Crease') Limestone — the same replacement mechanism already linked from Doward, across the Wye in the same orefield.
Crossfield Mine	Cumbria	By 1864–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Iron	(well documented example) The record describes haematite worked in Carboniferous limestone in the west Cumbrian orefield, where the BGS regional geology describes the orebodies as large irregular or flat-lying replacements of limestone beside faults rather than as veins.
Dalzell's Moor Row Mine	Cumbria	In the returns from 1882–31 March 1926	Iron	(well documented example) The mine worked west Cumbrian haematite, which the British Geological Survey describes as replacing the Carboniferous limestone as flats along the bedding, as veins along faults, and as irregular masses.
Doward Iron Mines	Herefordshire	Ancient; possibly Roman, certainly long before the 18th century–Last recorded working 1917	Iron, Ochre	(well documented example) Doward iron occurs as irregular replacement bodies in the Carboniferous Limestone, the same orefield as the Forest of Dean across the river.
Eskett Pit	Cumbria	In the returns from 1882–Abandonment plan lodged 1913	Iron	(well documented example) The pit worked west Cumbrian haematite, which replaces the Carboniferous limestone as flats along the bedding, as veins along faults and as irregular masses.
Florence Mine	Cumbria	1914–2007	Iron	(well documented example) The mine's own recorded geology explicitly describes a major haematite body in the Furness orefield.
Gillfoot Park Mine	Cumbria	1879–1915	Iron	(well documented example) The record describes haematite worked in Carboniferous limestone in the west Cumbrian orefield, where the BGS regional geology describes the orebodies as large irregular or flat-lying replacements of limestone adjacent to faults, preserving the host rock's bedding planes and fossils within the ore.
Heights Pasture Mine	County Durham	1850 (Weardale Iron Company)–No reliable closure date has yet been located.	Lead, Fluorspar, Iron	(well documented example) The iron worked here is limonite in the flats at the High Flats horizon of the Great Limestone, formed by the oxidation of the carbonates ankerite and siderite that had replaced the limestone.
Hodbarrow Mine	Cumbria	1856–1968	Iron	(well documented example) The mine's own recorded geology explicitly describes a large, exceptionally rich replacement deposit at the limestone junction.
Lindal Moor	Cumbria	worked on a large scale from the mid-19th century–c. 1914-1915	Iron	(well documented example) The mine's own recorded geology explicitly describes haematite ore bodies formed by iron-rich solutions replacing pockets and fissures in Carboniferous limestone.
Little Garth Mine	Cardiff	Early 19th century in earnest, from 1805–1884; brief reworkings 1926–1937	Iron, Ochre	(well documented example) A haematite orebody held in Carboniferous Limestone and worked as irregular masses and great cavities rather than as a vein or seam — the replacement geometry this record's own geology section describes, and the reason its caverns took the shapes they did.
Llanharry Iron Mine	Rhondda Cynon Taf	Early 1900s–1975 or 1976	Iron	(well documented example) Haematite and goethite concentrated within Carboniferous Limestone — the same broad replacement process as the west Cumberland orefield, and quite unlike the bedded Jurassic ironstones.
Pallaflat Iron Mine	Cumbria	Company formed 1874; No. 1 shaft working by 1884–Abandoned 1914	Iron	(well documented example) Haematite replacement bodies on fault planes and flats in the Carboniferous limestones of the west Cumbrian orefield (Mindat, BGS Earthwise).
Rookhope (Boltsburn Mine)	County Durham	early 19th century–1931	Lead, Fluorspar	(well documented example) The 1892 discovery was of 'flats' — near-horizontal replacement bodies where the Great Limestone has been replaced outwards from the vein, the form that made Boltsburn briefly one of the richest mines in England.

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