Graphite

SymbolC

This is a short overview. For the background — history, value over time and notable mines — see Graphite →

A soft, crystalline form of carbon, historically known in Cumberland as 'wad' or 'plumbago' and used to make pencil 'leads', as a refractory lining for furnace crucibles, and — its earliest industrial use — to make smooth-casting moulds for cannonballs.

Mines

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MineRegionWorked
Brandelhow Mine Cumbria By 1560s–early 1891
Seathwaite Wad Mine Cumbria 15th century (earliest indirect evidence)–1891

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