| Symbol | C |
|---|
This is a short overview. For the background — history, value over time and notable mines — see Graphite →
A soft, crystalline form of carbon, historically known in Cumberland as 'wad' or 'plumbago' and used to make pencil 'leads', as a refractory lining for furnace crucibles, and — its earliest industrial use — to make smooth-casting moulds for cannonballs.